Portuguese Policy in Angola and Mozambique Colonies

   Portuguese policy considers these two colonies as a part of mother nation and Africans as citizens but under certain conditions, namely, fluency in speaking and writing Portuguese language in order to eliminate African Language and traditions.
The economic system in two colonies is based on forced labor in farms owned by the White. The most important exports of these two colonies are working people, who move to work in mines of South Africa; slaves trade which turns many of the natives into slaves. As for agriculture, there is no interest in agricultural production that is left to changes of climate beside imposing high taxes on African farmers.
As for population policy, it focuses on the system of absorption which leads to division of society. Society is divided into a class that can get privileges and a class with no rights insides the colonies. The number of physicians and hospitals diminishes. To emphasize the discrimination between Africans and the Europeans, there are hospitals that are limited only to Europeans.
As for education, illiteracy prevails in the colonies. Education is divided into two forms: an education for the Europeans supervised by the state, and African education which is considered the task of missionaries.
Although Portugal is one of the oldest colonists, it is hard to find clear-cut philosophy of its policy in Angola and Mozambique Colonies, as it fluctuates between exploitation and settlement, ethnic discrimination and absorption, and improving conditions of the natives and enslaving them.