The Sacred and the sacrilegious as a historical, social, and cultural context in the novel: "The Pigeon Collar" by Rajaa Alam

Holy Makkah has a peculiarity of its sanctity, Where the Holy Mosque is the prayers direction of Muslims everywhere, according to the Arab anecdotally, This mosque is located in the center of the world, and its Courtyard is a part of heaven on earth.
 The research on the idea of the sacred in the novel "The Pigeon Collar " of the Makki Novelist/  Raja Alam, that sacred which becomes a dominant pattern in the novel from ancient history, extended to modern history, as periods of time overlapping as if to control the characters on the story of crisis, searching for the sacred As a dominant social context as well; and the rebellious characters of the novel try to get out of such capture imposed by the halo of the place anciently and Latterly, where the old goes along with the new and gives it the strength to continue.
The structure of the novel is based on several narrative techniques, such as Retrieval and retention narrative techniques, and sometimes anticipative,

as well as several forms of narration, such as diary, letters and memos. The Events are narrated by several voices, and some of the novel's characters misguide the reader. Between this and that, The Novel is narrated from several viewpoints, most notably is the view of Abu al-Rawous, the alley in which the murder took place. Many of the events of the novel revolve around the identity of the murderer and the victim. As a dominant narrator in the course of events and as a writer who intervenes in writing the ends of the novel's characters.