Ways to Achieve Sustainable Development to Enhance the Cultural, Environmental, and Economic Values of Archaeological and Tourist Sites in Karak Governorate - A Study in Economic Geography

This study aimed to identify ways to achieve comprehensive sustainable development to enhance the cultural, environmental, and economic values of tourist sites in Karak Governorate. It also sought to explore the challenges hindering the realization of sustainable development for these sites, and to propose solutions from the perspective of specialists.
The study adopted a qualitative approach to achieve its objectives, utilizing interviews as the primary data collection tool. The study sample comprised 35 participants, including specialists, development leaders, and decision-makers in the fields of tourism, environment, administration, and execution in Karak Governorate. The sample also included experts from the academic staff of Jordanian universities specializing in tourism, archaeology, and tourism management. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis based on the Clarke and Braun model, following its defined stages.
The study revealed that enhancing the cultural values of archaeological and tourist sites to achieve sustainable development requires implementing integrated plans. These include continuous restoration of archaeological sites that need regular maintenance, enacting strict laws against violations, and promoting community awareness through educational and media programs. As for enhancing environmental values, the study found a need for regulatory measures to limit tampering with and encroachments on environmental resources, providing environmentally friendly infrastructure, and utilizing renewable energy and waste management systems. Regarding economic values, the results highlighted the importance of diversifying tourism activities to meet visitors' interests and increase revenues, contributing to the sustainable development of tourist sites in Karak Governorate.