Nationalist Revolution and its Influence on Political and Social Democracies: Educational and Agricultural Systems under Nasser, 1952-1970

Document Type : Original Article

Author

King Saud University- Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

In July 23rd, 1952, the Free Officers revolted against the monarchical regime of Egypt. The revolutionaries succeeded in establishing republic regime instead. This historical event known as “July 23rd Revolution”, in which was watershed on the contemporary history of Egypt. After nearly a decade of the July 23rd, 1952, President Gamal Abdul Nasser professed that “freedom” could not be achieved without democracy and socialism. Moreover, in equal importance, Nasser emphasized on revolutionary consciousness to obtain freedom. All historical resources pertaining to this event indicated that this revolution was inspired, in the first place, by nationalist motive. This brings this paper to wonder if the nationalist revolution really established intact democratic life. In other words, did this nationalist revolution maintain the two wings of real political and social freedoms? How did the revolutionary leaders understand democracy and socialism? This paper aims to explore how nationalism, during the 1950s and 1960s in Egypt, was used to build a national single-party-state. This major question will also reveal how nationalism was utilized to exclude other political and social organizations rather than encourage multiple participation. This question further attempts to explain the role of nationalism in forming a state-society relationship. Such relationship could be explained through two fields: education and agriculture.

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  • Receive Date: 05 September 2023
  • Accept Date: 01 October 2023

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