Embodiment and Metaphorical Symbolism: Exploring the Cultural Significance of “Head” and “Eyes” in Arabic and English

Grounded in conceptual metaphor theory (1980), this discourse analysis studyexplored the metaphorical use of “head” and “eyes” in Arabic and English. The dataconsisted of examples of “head” and “eyes”used in Saudi Arabic gathered from a conversationandEnglish examplesgathered from online dictionaries. The datawereanalyzed for linguistic similarities, embodiment-related distinctions, and factors influencing metaphorical expressions. Consultations with native speakers of Arabic and English ensured the credibility and validity of the findings.
The data revealedsimilarities and differences in Arabic and English conceptualizations andthe connections between language, culture, and cognition. In the data, embodiment and metaphor were intertwined, illustrating how physical experiences shape language and thought. Arabic attributed positive associations to “head,” symbolizing respect and admiration, whereas English lacked these specific cultural connotations. Additionally, “eyes” in Arabic carried adeeper layer of personal value and warmth, influencing perceptions and relationships.
Future research could encompass other body parts, compare Arabic dialects, and make cross-linguistic comparisons with other languages. Incorporating native speaker perspectives and sociolinguistic factors could also enrich future work. Practical applications include the development of language programs addressing challenges faced by non-native English speakers in expressing and understanding metaphors to foster effective cross-cultural communication. As such, the findings could inform the design of cross-cultural communication training programs for professionals in diverse linguistic environments, contributing to more effective and harmonious communication in multicultural workplaces.