The Foundations of Grammatical Survey and their Effectiveness in Grammatical Judgement

The research discusses linguistic induction and its steps in collecting scientific material by linguists. It explores the similarity between the steps of collecting material and the grammatical analysis process, which both rely on observation, assumption of hypotheses, and experimentation to reach a continuous judgment of Arabic speech. The linguist and grammarian reach a general rule that is free from variation and disturbance by generalizing the observations and discovering the internal and external relationship between linguistic phenomena. If anything deviates from the collected material, the grammarians describe it as deviating from the original rule or situation for a reason, or because it is anomalous. The foundations of linguistic induction are based on observation, which requires patience and composure to reveal the details of any linguistic phenomenon and to explain the internal and external relationships that connect linguistic phenomena. Then, the linguists experiment to confirm the validity of their induction results and to measure the extent to which these linguistic results correspond to the phenomena they have observed by using a descriptive method, which involves examining Arab grammarians, questioning and debating them, or using a rational method that relies on investigation and division to test their results. Then, assumptions are imposed, where the linguists study linguistic phenomena and provide assumptions that describe and explain the relationships between these phenomena. To make the assumption convincing and truthful, it must be supported by evidence. The linguists have tested the validity of their assumptions by presenting them to the collected material, and then they developed their grammatical rule, which is based on the continuous judgment that regulates linguistic counterparts regarding the origin of action, whether it is verbal or semantic, the origin of inflection, and the origin of construction in sentence structures of various types.