The Andalusian judge Muhammad bin Bashir Al-Maafari (198 AH / 813 AD) A symbol of the independence of Islamic judiciary

This study deals with the Andalusian judge, Muhammad bin Bashir, as a symbol of the independence of the judiciary. There is no doubt that the judiciary and its independence for all nations and in all ages is a symbol of their sovereignty, glory, and independence.. It is the fortress to protect it and protect its members in the face of each other, And in the face of the ruling authorities; And to the extent that he is strong, independent, firm and honest, people will have freedoms, And their money, their lives, and their honor are safeguarded and safe. On the other hand, the attack on the principle of the independence of the judiciary, It will cause the nation devastating consequences of injustice and unfairness, and it will lose confidence in its justice and integrity, And what follows from that is the spread of chaos, and the disturbance of the security cord.
Based on this growing importance of the principle of the independence of the judiciary, The significance of this study comes. Which deals with the term of office of the Andalusian judge Muhammad bin Bashir (d. 198 AH / 813 AD) as a shining model for independent judges, This is through introducing Judge Muhammad Bin Bashir, the historical circumstance in which he took over the judiciary, And a statement of his approach to procedures, amending witnesses and issuing judgments, the most important factors for the independence of the judiciary during his tenure, the manifestations of the independence of the judiciary through the rulings of Judge Muhammad bin Bashir, And the impact of the independence of the judiciary on the authority and the people.