التعددية الإثنية والمذهبية في الدولة الرستمية ما لها...وما عليها

The study of the subject begins from a theoretical framework for Ibn Khaldun about "the impact of Tribalism And Religious advocacy in the rise and fall of states." As well as his statement about "the causes of alliances, tribal coalitions, racism and the factors of their separation."
Therefore, this research was a practical application of the Khaldun vision in the philosophy of Moroccan history in the Islamic Middle eras. The Rustamid dynasty in the Middle Maghreb in 162 AH, and fell in 296 AH. In both cases, the study proved the credibility of Ibn Khaldun's vision with distinction.
The Rustic State was founded on the basis of a tribal alliance led by the Lamaia tribe, which included many middle-eastern tribes from both the Butr and the Pyrenees. As for the sectarian call, it is in the external doctrine of Ibadi, which was adopted by all the tribes that formed the tribalism of the state. This resulted in its healing and unification, and hence was one of the reasons for its strength in the formation stage and helped its political development and cultural prosperity during the rule of the first three imams.
However, this political stability and cultural prosperity led to the migration of elements of many ethnic groups - Persians and Arabs from the East, as well as new Moroccan tribes _ and stability in the  Rustamid dynasty. And more importantly; it was on other doctrines - Malikite and Sufri and the Mutazila and Shia - different from the doctrine of the Ibadi state.
The policy of religious and religious tolerance adopted by the early imams has resulted in intellectual flourishing and cross-fertilization; as well as economic prosperity as a result of the revival of commercial activity, especially with the Middle Sudan, the gold and slave trade habitat.
Obviously, that the rivalry between the different ethnicities and the followers of different sects leads to a political struggle to win the position of imamate, which led to "civil wars" that resulted in the weakness of the Ibadi imamate. This led to the emergence of other dissenting doctrines, including the doctrines of "Samahiyya", "Nakar", "Nafathia" and others, which paved the way for the fall of the state by the new Fatimid state.

In sum, ethnic and sectarian pluralism in the Rustamid dynasty was one of the reasons for its cultural flourishing, and it was one of the reasons for its political weakness, especially during its last year.