نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية
المؤلف
وزارة التربية – منتدب في التربية الاساسية
المستخلص
الموضوعات الرئيسية
عنوان المقالة [English]
المؤلف [English]
At the beginning of this research, I dealt with the main reason why these campaigns were called al-Sawaif and al-Shawati, and talked about their role in brief in the Umayyad era, up to the first Abbasid era - specifically - during the era of the caliphs Abu Jaafar, al-Rashid and al-Ma'mun, who made strenuous efforts in order to subjugate many frontiers to sovereignty Abbasid, by sending military campaigns successively towards it, which incurred the Byzantine state huge losses - and according to us - economic and military.
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