النقــل الحرفــي العبــري لأسمــاء المــدن الإيطاليــة دراســة صوتيــة تطبيقيــة

The literal transfer process describes in its branches, transliteration and transcription, the process of appropriate for the text in the human language with the method of writing in letters that do not belong to the language which it is transmitted, using certain laws, so that the text can be reformulated by reading what is written. The literal transfer in Hebrew language of  words and names from other languages, especially from the Italian language, In particular the names of cities, is subject to many phonetic rules regulations, like any other vocal matter. Thus, for example, certain names should be written in certain letters,that's means It's not optional, in the literal transmission of names and words, but It's mandatory and subject under certain laws. In this research, we dealt with various vocal aspects, the first of them is the literal transfer,in addition to the international phonetic alphabet,  and also the consonants and vowels as well as their other subdivisions. We also refers to the process of verbal and verbal contrast between Hebrew and Italian and the examples of each contrast between them. We finished this research by the phonetic applicated analysis of a group of Italian cities names by carrying out the detailed process of literal transfer of the components of  these names, with  showning it's Shape in the international phonetic alphabe، accompanied by a detailed analysis of it's consnants and vowels.