(As) situational narrative and commenting by saying in the Holy Quran
Sameh
Kamal Sayed Hassan
author
text
article
2018
ara
The scope of this research is to study the narrative circumstantial (إذ) and its relationship with quotations in the Holy Quran. This study has exhaustively covered the narrative circumstantial (إذ) in the holy Quran where it was mentioned 76 times. In addition, this phenomenon has created 7 styles and 20 forms. The resulting quotations varied between a nominal sentence and a verb sentence. However the call sentence –which is considered a verb sentence-, had the best share since the Holy Quran’s narrative dialogue in its entirety is between Allah and his prophets or between a prophet and his people or between Luqman and his son. And based on this feature, it appeared that the narrative circumstantial (إذ) is specific since it is an acting adverb and is missing two sentences (three and four sentences in some cases). That is mainly because it is contextually coupled with the verb (قال) which consequently produced this sentence, whether it is a quotation or a subsequent sentence in the context of Allah’s saying (وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلاَئِکَةِ اسْجُدُواْ لآدَمَ فَسَجَدُواْ إِلاَّ إِبْلِیسَ أَبَى وَاسْتَکْبَرَ وَکَانَ مِنَ الْکَافِرِینَ) Bakarah 34
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
1
24
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_37850_f40192d80769ea50bc55c53e8e562408.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.37850
The significance of birds in poems of the Mongols
Osman
Mahmoud Mehany
مدرس بکلية الآداب – جامعة کفر الشيخ
author
text
article
2018
ara
Birds are nations as diverse and different as man, and if you want to read the words of God: "From a bird in the ground or a bird flies wings only nations like you. Which opens up his heart and his voice to the voice of God Almighty, that bird, as if his beautiful voice plays on a hidden tendon in man is the love of beauty. There is no doubt that the poet's sense of beauty around him is great, so the birds and the beauty of their voices and colors were among the things that helped poets to draw their beautiful pictures, which are almost as accurate as the pictures of real life or cut off from the cut, if this expression is permissible. As well as varied goals of poets and their goals; sometimes mention the bird to express the praise of Almmdouh and strength, and others see in describing themselves as a kind of courting Almmdouh and approach him and describe their situation in his hands, and others choose for the beauty of the appropriate birds such as Balbul, parrot, bathroom and so on. When talking about the war and its horrors, they mention the falcon, the eagle, the crow, and so on . This is a study in the poems of the Mongol era, in which the researcher used the analytical method in the treatment of poetic verses The results of the study were the following: 1-Balbull is one of the most famous male birds in the Persian poems of the Mongols. 2-Balbul is often described as a singer and singer by poets of this age 3-The metaphor and metaphor of the most prominent rhetorical arts used in the selected verses.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
25
56
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_37851_f3042917adb708c2b212d5d39515d598.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.37851
The Measures Taken for Controlling Plague and Ty-phoid in Ali Algharbee District Based on the Administrative Telegrams of A'amara Governate Between January 28 –February 15,1945
Haidar
Hamid Rashid
جامعة بغداد - کلية التربية للبنات / قسم التاريخ
author
text
article
2018
ara
Iraq has undergone so many events throughout its history on various aspects of life . The academic studies and historical writings have covered much of the events. In spite of that , there is a need to cover events which have not been studied because of many reasons .One of these reasons is the absence of the historical subject matter. Furthermore there are historical subjects which scarcely attract the researchers for a number of reasons . As for writing about the health situations in Iraq , including this research , it is considered a very difficult task because information about such topics are very rare and hard to be found. The researcher found documents in the archives of the Ministry of the Interior in Kasra and Atash area. The discovery of these documents allowed us to see a painful reality to the dark and hidden side of our contemporary social history. The research deals with the cautions taken by A'amara governate to control plague and ty-phoid and to avoid its expansion to the neighbouring areas , since these two epidemic diseases caused many tragedies in Iraq. These affected areas were isolated and kept in quarantine. Furthermore police stations were established and the Iraqi-Irani borders were closed in Ali Algharbee District. Police patrols were also set on the Iraqi-Irani borders. In addition to the above, British and Iraqi military marine patrols were supervising the river traffic. More than three thousand citizens were given vaccinations. By these proceedings the two epidemic diseases were limited and prevented from spreading to the neighbouring areas .
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
57
71
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_37852_e4c1e3d5d051754cdaa5b5405263f491.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.37852
British policy towards the Texas issue 1836- 1845
Abdullah
Hamid Al-Atabi
جامعة بغداد/کلية التربية للبنات
author
text
article
2018
ara
This paper has different anises Firestone deals with the American penetration & the second axis deals with the difference between Mexico &Texas. While the third axis deals with American attitude toward Texas case. When the fourth axis discuses British attitude toward Texas case. Since the fifth axis explains Britain efforts in not be lined Texas with United States. The sixth axis highlight British mediation between Mexico & Texas. The seventh axis deal with the disputes between Britain & Texas. Finely, This paper studies with the treaty that Links Texas with American Federation
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
72
93
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_37853_b69d46802d343b4dcc6e2e82d1b5aefa.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.37853
The Social Dimensions and Its relationship with Dropout of The Basic Education
An Applying Study on Dropout of Education Unin In El Wardian Educational Zone
El-shaimaa
Mohammed Osama
مدرس علم الاجتماع - المعهد العالي للدراسات الأدبية کينج مريوط
author
text
article
2018
ara
The importance of elementary education has brought about the country’s commitment to it as well as the obligation of the student's guardians to educate their children. However, the dropout rate is still high. Therefore, the basic objective of the study is to identify the social dimensions and their relation to the dropout of elementary education through an applied study on dropouts in the stage of elementary education in Alexandria. This study mainly depended on the theory of cultural capital of Bourdieu and the most important conclusion of that study is that samples find difficulty in passing the exams without any help with the study. Besides, they are not able to take private tutoring to pass the exam and they worked a living and to help their families Financially. Furthermore, study does not benefit the family as it does not make a profit for their living. The student’s as well find that they are not able to pass the exams of the Preparatory School and they find some subjects which they cannot do well in their exams; moreover, they are not eager to learn the English language for its high cost.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
94
117
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_38286_c1cae5701bae7f8833eec1f54f31ede8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.38286
The social dimensions of the civil serving law Social study
Naglaa
Mahmoud Raouf Al - Sayed Al - Musailhi
جامعة عين شمس - کليــة الآداب - قسم علم الاجتماع
author
text
article
2018
ara
The research is about the social dimensions of the civil serving law which the government start to apply in 2016 instead of the workers law in the country number 47 for 1979 , and its effect in developing the management of the country and also its effect on the government employee. And , from that point the problem of the study is reflected in the attempt to determine the duration of the social constraint of the law by the employees , if they are considering it as an incentive for the management developing or not also is it considered a supporter for justice and equity between all the government employees , this reflect the efficiency of the law which depend on the concept of general management at the same time it care about sharing rights and duties by equity and saving the public interest of members of society . and for achieving that , we apply a study on a sample of the government employees which formed of 356 employee from a different working levels . The result of the field study were the most important were that the old law was better than the new , the law give the power and control for the administrative manger and ignore the employees rights , the law is not faire . the serving law not granted eliminating the nepotism and it is also not considered as a step for developing but it prevent it from their point of view , which depend on distinction and inequity even on it’s content or its application .
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
118
142
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_38287_5c3b258824781f680cc91f6ebf5bcbf9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.38287
The social reflections of women's work on the family in the Saudi society
A field study in Riyadh
Abdulrahman
salem Alturaif
author
text
article
2018
ara
The current study seeks to identifying the positive and negative effects of women's work in the medical field on their family roles in the Saudi society and the basic concepts of this study; women's work, the family and role's conflict. This study is considered one of the descriptive and analysis image the case to the social reflections of women's work on their family roles this is based on random sample contains (100) of workers in Riyadh hospitals, by using the questionnaire as a tool to collect the data. The study has reached some results as, the medical field is one of the fields that receive high appreciation the Saudi society and women tend to work in this field and there are positive and negative reflections of women's work in the medical field on their family roles in the Saudi society.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
143
172
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_38290_6eed4b8266ad25c64b19a22b356ecf9c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.38290
An overview on Abu Al-Mahasen Al-Yaghmouri’s “Noor Al Qabas Al-Mokhtasar men Al-Moqtabas; A Brief of the Stories of Grammarians, Litterateurs, Poets, and Scientists”, investigated by Rudolf Sellheim
Ahlam
Amer Al-Zaben
أستاذ مساعد الدراسات اللغوي/ کلية العلوم والآدب بطريف/ جامعة الحدود الشمالية، المملکة العربية السعودية
author
text
article
2018
ara
Long ago, orientalists started their deep interest and research into the heritage of the orient and its precious gems hidden even from its people, where they spread their investigation across various areas all over the world. They investigated the written manuscripts, and collaborated to collect the heritage, examine it, index it, and publish it. Our heritage would have stayed locked in its cabins all together, with no means to publish it in our hands. This research aims to examine and study one of the prominent books in biographies, “Noor Al Qabas Al-Mokhtasar men Al-Moqtabas”, investigated and published attentively by the German orientalist Rudolf Sellheim. It gives an overview on the book, its chapters and content, in addition to shedding some light into the research methodology followed. Moreover, proposing to take this study into a deeper level, a sample of historical figures studied in the book were chosen according to their geographical location, in compliance with the classification used in the book itself; in an attempt to compare the figure’s biography to that of him appearing in Ibn Khalkan’s “Wafayat Al-Ayan”, due to both books association with the same era. Also, a thorough commentary on its writer’s methodology, classification, and indices was given in this research.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
173
195
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_38305_c3adde6b59a388c34e179a58e7adee97.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.38305
The un-declared resources of the co-existence dialogue between religions:
A question in terms of comments
Bassam
Abd El-Kreem
کلية الشريعة- جامعة مؤتة
author
text
article
2018
ara
This study tried to explore the question of co-existence dialogue between religions, aside from the concepts moderation and extremism. This is because orientalism participated in the destruction of the means of Eastern Islamic Power, which accompanied by the great power of the west. The western power along with its prominent level of arrogance depleted any Muslim Geography Movement, which led to the state of chaos or entropy that we live in our Muslim world today. Therefore, I believe that what we have is a crisis with absolute blindness catalyzed by a tense approach of the two sides (Muslim world and the west).
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
196
208
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_38310_39208fa469496ada03dafcdc5153c478.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.38310
Cloud computing applications in public libraries
Ahmed
Amen Abu seda
قسم المکتبات والمعلومات
author
text
article
2018
ara
The study monitors cloud computing applications in public libraries in order to know the applications and policies that some foreign and local public libraries use. It provides cloud computing models that can be applied in Egyptian public libraries. The study is based on the analytical descriptive method as well as the comparative method. The study help in evaluates the cloud computing in Misr public libraries and present a project shared by AFLI and Arabian union catalog. The study concludes that Cloud computing saves up to 62.5% of costs, and the Zero Client device saves more than 90% of electric power. A cloud computing model has been mapped for public libraries and there are ten important factors when creating a cloud for libraries. The rate of libraries that use cloud computing is 13.5%. The study recommends the creation of a cloud of Egyptian public libraries based on the proposed model. It will be supported by Misr Public Libraries Fund which is one of the financial sources of Misr public libraries. It is also recommended that The Arab Federation of Libraries organizes a conference entitled "Cloud Computing Applications in Libraries"
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
209
226
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_38313_bcbfa3cf13d9ef596ddd6248053e336d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.38313
De-traditionalizing Gender Roles in Sarah Ruhl's Eurydice
Khaled
Saroah
author
text
article
2018
ara
Utilizing T. S. Eliot's concept of tradition, the present paper seeks to investigate Sarah Ruhl's Eurydice (2003) as a twenty-first century adaptation of the Greek myth of Orpheus. Ruhl's dramatic methodology is predicated on upending the myth via various dramaturgical strategies, among which are enlarging Eurydice's role and marginalizing Orpheus', creating the character of Eurydice's father (not found in the myth), utilizing different traditional accounts of the myth, and making changes to the original myth's story-line. The paper has reached three findings. (1) The upended form of the myth is suggestive of Ruhl's prioritization of talented dramaturgy over any natural order of major and minor characterization. (2) The marginalization of Orpheus' role and expansion of Eurydice's have accentuated the female voice that had long been subverted over the literary history of the myth. (3) Classical myths tend to be rich raw materials for authors to adapt and transform into any literary genre due to the authors' individual talents adding to the tradition followed in such classical myths.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
227
250
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_39582_4486afcf67de3e02a5e30acff771c06d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.39582
Flowers and Thorns:
Pleasures and Perils of the (Literature) Anthology
Samir
Ahmed Abdel-Naim Abou Elhassan
Lecturer of English, Department of English, Faculty of Arts, Sohag University
author
text
article
2018
ara
The claims and conclusions I make in this article primarily address issues pertinent to anthologies of literature, and theory and criticism. The anthology has traditionally served general readership, and it has recently become an important feature of university education. Beginning with a discussion of the contradictions the anthology entails (one and many; silent and polyphonic; despised and revered), the article then proceeds to acknowledge the value of the anthology as a genre that, for centuries, has pleased readers with, as most anthologies would claim, "the best" of its subject: "the flowers of literature." Moreover, it refers to the role of the anthology in domesticating the outpouring of writers and texts by giving them some order and coherence. Then, the article moves to examine the thorns haunting the anthology. This includes a lengthy discussion of anthological claims to including "the best" writers and texts, and to comprehensive representativeness. What does "the best" mean? Who decides this "best"? Is this category of "the best" stable? These are some of the questions the article engages with and exerts some effort to answer. By drawing attention to some shortcomings of the genre, an anthology, the article concludes, should be approached with caution. It is better understood as a beginning towards more exploration of the richness of its subject which, it must be clear, cannot be fully represented in an anthology, i.e., a selection.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
251
271
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_43016_561f45c893a860f0538f7328413bbac5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.43016
Beyond the Zone of Comfort : Investigating the Notion of Catharsis and Probing the Concept of Pain in Howard Barker's 'Blok/Eko'and Sarah Kane's '4.48 Psychosis'.
Neval
Nabil Mahmoud Abdullah
Lecture College of Language & Communication - Arab Academy for Science, Technology& Maritime Transport.
author
text
article
2018
ara
The objective of this paper is to take us on a journey with an odd selection of two enigmatic and controversial British playwrights – Howard Barker and Sarah Kane – whose challenging theatrical works take us well beyond the zone of comfort we might be used to. Through a close textual analysis and a substantial critical evaluation of two crucial productions from the domain of their 'alien to our conception' of dramatic art, the present paper aims at going beyond just surveying their common shock tactics, showing parallels, or pointing out elements of recurrence in their texts. The aim is to get to the bottom of their experiential theatres by considering their transcendental tragic visions for a better exploration of reality and for a possible rebirth of the individual experience. Having explored the dark rooms of Barker's and Kane's self-styled theatres, particularly in their two significant dramatic works – 'Blok/Eko' and '4.48 Psychosis' respectively, the present study discerns that there is a noticeable intent and craft behind both playwrights' crafty 'violations' of the audience's personal space and comfort zones. Barker's and Kane's extremism is part of their attempt to question and criticize the audience's passive participation, foreground an awakening to extreme realities, propose a shift from or challenge to Aristotle's traditional concept of catharsis, and call into question our accepted interpretation of pain.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
272
297
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_43021_2e8e390f95966894926af38af83667d7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.43021
Narrating the horrors of civil war: Laurie Lee’s A Moment of War, Picasso’s Guernica and Samuel Barber’s Adagio for Strings
Iman
Farouk El Bakary
author
text
article
2018
ara
This paper examines Laurie Lee’s A Moment of War (written in 1991 about the writer’s experience in the Spanish Civil War), Guernica which embodies Picasso’s shock at the fierce bombing of the defenseless citizens of Guernica, and Samuel Barber’s Adagio for Strings (1936). Though the latter musical composition was written and performed on another funerary occasion one year before the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, it is, indeed, a true dirge for the tragic loss of lives ensuing from war; in Thomas Larson’s words, “the saddest music ever written”. The three artistic oeuvres in question, though belonging to different media, could well be seen as profound “evidence of the wound”. They may have been produced during the third decade of the last century. However, their timeless, universal appeal lies in their surprising relevance to their expression, albeit through three different artistic vehicles, of insurmountable grief at the devastation and loss of innocent lives caused by wars in general, and civil wars in particular. In fact, it suffices to look around us at Iraq, Syria, Yemen, Lybia and, indeed innumerable parts of the world to realize the repetitive pattern of senseless victimization of innocent peoples to fulfill wicked political ambition; a pattern that has persisted since the beginning of history, through the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), World Wars I and II, and up till the very present day. How powerful and how pertinent these three works emerge as reminders that address the human conscience by raising issues that are very much alive in the morose reality we are living nowadays. The paper will basically deal with the above-mentioned works in view of Roland Barthe’s discussion of image, music and text, and Carolyn Forché’s notion of the “poetry of witness,” though expanding the term to include art and music of witness.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
298
316
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_43023_40b6defdc96295c7a091e87e7ca9a78e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.43023
The Significance of Clothing Imagery in Selected Works of Jonathan Swift
Abdul-Qader
A. Khattab
Mut'tah University- Jordan
author
text
article
2018
ara
This paper seeks to examine the significance of clothing imagery in selected works of Jonathan Swift. In certain works, Swift uses clothing as a tool for exposure and protection. Swift has also used clothing in manifesting his attitude toward mankind and showing the duality of human nature. In the selected works, clothing functions in a way that symbolizes the tension between innocence and avarice, the ancients and the moderns and as a means of protection in the cases of identity crisis.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
317
326
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_43027_dab754d9f34f1ce2f3eba736e93c0947.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.43027
Judith Butler’s View on Performativity
Amani
M. Hussein
University of Baghdad
author
text
article
2018
ara
Performativity is a multi-facets concept with various origins and contemporary usages in diverse fields such as: law, linguistics, philosophy, gender studies, performance studies, etc. With regard to gender studies, some theorists, notably Jacques Derrida and Judith Butler, have the view that even commonplace communication and speech acts are performative, i.e., they serve to define and maintain identity. Based on this trend, performativity reverses the idea that an identity is the source of more secondary actions such as speech and gestures. On the contrary, it inquires into the construction of identities as they are caused by performative actions, behaviors, and gestures. Butler purports that all gender is a set of performances, similar to stage performances, that are culturally and socially scripted.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
327
339
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_43032_7a0ded7efaddaaebd2835d19df8b5ce8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.43032
British Arab and British South Asian Diaspora Writings in Ghada Karmi’s In Search of Fatima: A Palestinian Story and Yasmin Hai's The Making of Mr. Hai’s Daughter: Becoming British
Abeer
Aser Alrawashdeh
Assistant Professor –English Literature Mu'tah University/ Jordan
author
text
article
2018
ara
This essay makes the case for comparative analysis of Arab and South Asian female memoirs, focusing on the issue of diaspora and the problems involved in any diasporic experience. Through a detailed analysis to Ghada Karmi's In Search of Fatima and Yasmin Hai's The Making of Mr. Hai's Daughter, the study moves beyond national and cultural borders to highlight some of the shared political and aesthetic concerns of Arab and South Asian writers, especially concerning the case of diaspora, displacement and exile writings. The study will deploy comparable literary tropes through addressing similar issues in these memoirs to prove that at least these similarities stem from a shared history of colonialism. Further, drawing upon Homi Bhabha’s influential ideas about colonial ambivalence, hybridity and "Third place", the paper will offer an account on some of the problems suffered by any colonised person who lives in a colonial society for a long time through a special focus on the authors' personal lives. Finally, the paper will discuss the life of the female authors as being cultural mediators in the way they functioned as interpreters of the norms of their own cultures by revealing their personal stories as migrant writers. The study will conclude that Karmi's and Hai's diasporic experiences are unique in a way that they focused on the positive perspective of this experience.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
340
354
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_43034_8c617e9954516e3bf897dfeb9d4b716e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.43034
“And Fired the Shot Heard Round the World”:
Postcolonial Project in Emerson’s Transcendentalism
MUTHANNA
MOHAMMED SULTAN
author
text
article
2018
ara
This paper is concerned with a prominent American poet who lived in an important era in the nineteenth century. During this period, American nationhood and identity were shaped and articulated by both political institutions and cultural circles alike. It witnessed the transformation of the United States of America from colonies to empire—a dramatic shift from colonialism to postcolonialism where the cultural, social, and ideological roles and agents are altered. This paper analyzes how Emerson’s writings especially his poetry come to emulate what is going on in American social scene in the early and mid-nineteenth century. Emerson observes and feels the need of intellectuals and literary figures to enter the American life and put their imprints in it. He attempts to portray and illustrate through transcendental writings how American society and its people should enact the values and attitudes of the “New World” and how they are changed from “colonized” into “colonizer.” But by doing so, Emerson participates in articulating the postcolonial project the U.S. adopts.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
355
366
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_43036_5cd380455e2b6006c846ae0149af3c81.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.43036
"InvestigatingEFL Skills Used by Iraqi College Students"
Maysaa\Shahad
Rasheed Abdul-Majeed\HatimKadhim
College of Education for Women
Development and ContinuingEducation Center University of Baghdad
author
text
article
2018
ara
In recent decades, attention has been directed to student- centered instruction so that every EFL student needs to master the four language skills (receptive skills: listening, reading, and productive skills: speaking and writing). EFL Students face difficulties in learning these four skills.This study is an attempt to investigate the most frequently applied skills used by college students. To achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire that includes 16 items with the five point scale (often, frequently, occasionally, rarely, never) has been adopted; these items test the three skills (listening, reading and speaking without writing). The sample of present study comprises 60 students from the Department of English, College of Education for Women,University of Baghdad during the academic year 2016/2017. After ensuring the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, the questionnaire was applied on the sample. The results showthat the students' use ofEFL skills offers aweighted mean score of more than 3. This is an indication that students start to improve their skills depending on themselves. At the end, conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions are offered
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
367
379
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_43038_f99559ce1849c07dfcc10765300bd5b8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.43038
Accentuation Moods of Blaming Utterances in Egyptian Arabic:
A Pragmatic Study of Prosodic Focus
Reda
A. H. Mahmoud
University of Minia
author
text
article
2018
ara
This paper investigates the pragmatic meaning of prosodic focus through four accentuation moods of blaming utterances in Egyptian Arabic. Prosodic focus results in various pragmatic meanings when the speaker utters the same blaming expression in different emotional moods: the angry, the mocking, the frustrated, and the informative moods. The main objective of this study is to interpret the meanings of these four accentuation moods in relation to their illocutionary forces and per-locutionary effects, the integrated features of prosodic focus (e.g. tone movement distributions, pitch accents, lengthening of vowels, deaccentuation of certain syllables/words, and tempo), and the consonance between the former prosodic features and certain lexico-grammatical components to communicate the intentions of the speaker. The data on blaming utterances has been collected via elicitation and pre-recorded material, and the selection of blaming utterances is based on the criteria of lexical and prosodic regularity to be processed and verified by three computer programs, Praat, Speech Analyzer, and SpectrogramFreeware. A dual pragmatic approach is established to interpret expressive blaming utterances and their lexico-grammatical distributions into intonational focus structure units. The pragmatic component of this approach explains the variable psychological attitudes through the expressions of blaming and their effects whereas the analysis of prosodic focus structure is used to describe the intonational contours of blaming utterances and other prosodic features. The study concludes that every accentuation mood has its different prosodic configuration which influences the listener’s interpretation of the pragmatic meanings of blaming utterances
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
46
v.
إبریل - یونیه (جـ)
no.
2018
380
412
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_43040_d2051938f8240cc6ce83d8c17c9cc908.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2018.43040