The effect of conflict for sub-political identities within the reality of
Iraqi democratic political experience after 2003
Hamsa
Kahtan Kalaf
کلية العلوم سياسية / جامعة بغداد
author
text
article
2020
ara
The research has been tackled about the democratic political life which happened since 2003 and relied on the outputs of developing and strengthening the loyalties and affiliations for sub-identities that are still experiencing instability scenes at various levels, taking into account the model of self-sufficiency and within its sub-environment, and then disrupted it at the level of sub-social affiliations in the form of its constant preoccupation with rebuilding power instead of rebuilding the nation-state. As for the secondary outcomes emerging on this political scene, it was represented in the openness of all these social affiliations, whether old or new, within an unprecedented mobility that tends to rebuild an alternative structure of political and social systems alike. However , it was represented the model of symmetry in the identification of the three identities and their loyalties (the state, the party, and the personalization of power) within what was known as the production of a secondary sub-identity ,that was resembled the superiority of affiliation and loyalty to these triple concepts (the state, the party, and the authority), which hindered the production of a comprehensive national identity that represents Iraq and is expressed by powers the real political and social participation in the emerging of democracy's political process. While using the ruling political class the logic of force to impose their unprecedented values on the political scene in which made a comprehensive social environment based on a unilateral vision through attempts to impose itself, in order to be keep out from the cultural patterns of fragmentation inside of this environment that prevailed at some time according to the national, sectarian, ethnic and other considerations. It ultimately had been produced a comprehensive national partnerships for various parties and for the political and social forces too, then to be an indication of that trend moving towards away from the scenes of conflict and competition among affiliations and sub-social loyalties, that were prone to mutual exhaustion while depleting its strength at the same crisis period.
So that, we could limit that the reality of these political societies had become subject to imminent dramatic transformations that depended on their sub-identities, in spite of unable to continue on their own loyalty without the assistance from the rest identities from the other coherent components of society, owing to the problems that Iraqi society had been suffered greatly since 2003, and the accompanying exposure unprecedented for the plight of the American occupation and its outputs, which have produced a systematic destruction in all infrastructures, in addition to that, exposing the state institutions for another ordeal; because of starting the process of rebuilding the country again; without any attention to the legacy of the past period, which greatly affected upon its distinct sub-over for more than three decades prior to 2003. Furthermore, many several challenges were threatening the national, religious and sectarian sub-identities, it might inflicts to the fragmented, as happened in the internal war period which happened in 2006 , taking into account the introductions for that states as an external parties which had begun fed motivated by the sectarian and nationalist causes.
The research has concentrated on the role of political forces in different directions, especially towards weakening the national identity, as long as the ruling political class has become busy too much owing to sharing power according to its narrow partisan affiliations and loyalties, which has further fractured in their entire social identity, which was meaning that the Iraqi national identity did not spontaneously originate from the same individual but rather than exercised the state and its ideological elites to play a significant role in carrying out twice forced assimilation and combinations for all components of the Iraqi people, regardless of their ethnic, religious, sectarian, or other spectrums. So that, we were facing several identities that were to be closest to the scene of the conflict from the perspective of the small identities which represented by the some of his successors were happened major conflicts from another type of whose who had specific target to manage the social and political justice mechanisms according to the practice of the new democratic rule, and without mention to different attempts for creating the psychological barriers that would isolate the individual or group and even the system itself from the reality on the basis of belonging to the sub-identity, to start another solidarity loyalty within the sub-identities themselves were to be confined within the of structures and frameworks as such as the tribe, the sect, the nationalism and other sub-affiliations that would enhance an alternative identity at the expense of the mother's national identity. So the society was prepared for weakness and fragility from the inside and vice versa, as long as societies that witnessed a state of intense fear and anxiety from the new authoritarian phenomena that carry the ideology of the rising currents in order to regain or restore the power by different ruling political elites.
From the another hand, the process of strengthening the national identity at the expense of sub-identities remains one of the main tasks that must be worked on by overcoming the ordeal of the recent past, that produced harmonic and power-sharing in a different manner within the nurture of loyalties and sub-affiliations of identity since 2003, which ultimately created an unprecedented sharing of power that resembled the ambition of many national wills to intersect with the wills of the another actors of the same ruling political class, which was reflected over the whole nature of the political interaction that taking place in it, to be framed in the formation of governments by arising of several headings (the government of national unity, the government of partnership, the government of participation, etc.). However, there were new descriptions about what represented an urgent need for the Iraqi political scene, and between all of what happened, there was a real desire which driven by the popular mobility as taken place since 2011 , in order to extract the power model from the stereotypes of partisan and interest circles and narrow affiliations, which depended on the concept of secondary identities not the citizenship, up to the process of a socio-political environment to be compatible with the unity of society. From now here, we have found that the current popular pressure had been started to turn into successive waves of mass mobility until the last wave that started on the first and twenty-fifth of October 2019, taking into account the attempts of someone to use the feature of violence as a prominent tool in expressing the demands of society. But, the Iraqi situation in light of the internal and external conflicts that taken place in order to impose a unilateral vision on his reality, which began to reject this equation, and by which there were different necessitates for relying on the political and social control tools ,to determine the dimensions of social community perceptions by imposing a specific context within the same mechanisms of system, values and traditions that aimed to exchange the roles of who had the endeavor to be directed towards achieving social cohesion in terms of empowering the national identity by rules of the foundations of tolerance and acceptance with the other, because the latter has become one of the opportunities available to achieve internal solidarity that embraces all facts and events, leading to what is known as an internal harmony within the society, and otherwise means denying the peculiarities which didn’t not lead us towards to the social cohesion in comparing with all its identities. Finally, the issue of disseminating the concepts of peace, tolerance and solidarity with all of outcomes to reach into the obvious aim to be as the guarantor for achieving the demands for the social peace during the next period .
The research was divided into an introduction and a conclusions that distributed in three items for each of it had a specific topic with two scientific requirements of researching, the first concentrated on the applied dimension of the problem for sub-identities crisis, to analyze the problem of loss of balance within the hybrid social structure and the dominance of the unilateral authority with an understanding to the problem of complex societies and the crisis of sub-identities in Iraq. As for the second item, it examined the dimensions of the behavioral role of identity and the expansion of a culture of loyalty to the sub-identities, in order to know the current Iraqi democratic experience and the behavior of multiple identities; thus making a brief of the sequences for social changes and gradual transitions towards the rebuilding new political systems, while the third item tackled on the implications of the conflict of identities ranging from small and solidarity sub-identities through identifying the various instruments and the mechanisms to consolidate the diverse political community components for future generations, up to the enhancement of the outcomes of the national identity and the waves of the current popular demonstrations and protestations that happened ultimately in October of 2019 .
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
1
24
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_110131_c0a34f9e782e0f18e415ef0937c1e70f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.110131
Intelligence Wisdom and their Relation to Learning Style at University Students
Ragaa
Sadam
وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي - جامعة بغداد- کلية التربية للبنات
author
Seham
Kazem
وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي - جامعة بغداد- کلية التربية للبنات
author
text
article
2020
ara
The current research aims to know the level of intelligence wisdom of university students, and know the relationship between the intelligence wisdom and learning style at The research sample, To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher chose to study the community of Baghdad University students, and the sample reached (410) students.
In order to measure the variables of the research, the researcher prepared a measure of the intelligence wisdom according to Sternberg theory, which consists of (34) items,. The second measure is the learning styles for the University students, the researcher adopt the standards of learning styles, the scale of learning styles in the final version of(48)item ,Consisting of (12) position, and each position consists of four phrases, the four-step, was given to him, grades (1,2,3,4).
The most important results have been attained after applying this scales on the sample of the research, the most important results were:
University students (research sample) have the intelligence wisdom.
There is no statistically significant relationship between the intelligence wisdom and the learning styles (converge, diverge, assimilator, Accommodators) among university students.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
25
53
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113272_489d8cd2f10ca6aa85d14f7247942050.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113272
Effectiveness of a training program to develop individual self-management
And the association with students who are adversaries
In the intermediate stage
Hassan
Ahmed Suhail Qara Ghuli
استاذ مساعد- المديرية العامة لتربية بغداد الکرخ
author
text
article
2020
ara
The current research aims at the following:
First: Measure the individual and collective self-management of students in middle school.
Second: The effectiveness of a training program for the development of individual and collective self-management among students in middle school, through the following two hypothesis tests:
. 1.There were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group in the pre-test and their average scores in the post-test on the individual self-management scale and the association for the post-test after applying the training extension program.
2.There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group and the average scores of the students of the control group on the measure of self-management of the individual and the association in the post-test after applying the training program and for the benefit of the experimental group.
. scale and the society after applying the training program and for the experimental group.
-The current research is determined by the students in the middle second grade of the day study in Baghdad governorate / Directorate of Education Baghdad Al-Karkh III / Medium Mesopotamia for the academic year 2017/2018..
-For the purpose of verifying the current research objective, the researcher chose the Experimental Design of the two groups (control group and experimental group), pre-test and post-test.
-The sample of the study consisted of (32) students from the intermediate students (intermediate grade 2) who were selected in the simple random way divided into two groups (experimental and control group and each group included 16 students).
• Search tools:
a. The researcher has constructed a measure of self-management of the individual and the society, Was applied to a sample of (240) students, and it consists of (36) self-assessment articles distributed in three areas. The first field is the management of emotions and personal emotions which includes (13) ). The respondent was asked how much he agreed with self-management criteria on a three-level scale (always, sometimes, never). The following weights (3,2,1) were given to the positive paragraphs (1, 2, 3) for the negative clauses and the psychometric characteristics were derived: honesty, persistence and discrimination.
B. Building a self-management training program for the development of self-management of the individual and the society in the middle-class students, according to theory according to the theory of self-management of the individual and the society and was based on (the theory of self-management family SMF, cognitive theory and social cognitive theory of social learning) ) Sessions representing indicative needs based on the average satisfactory response of sample members.
research results :
. 1.For the first goal: Students who are adversaries are not characterized by individual and collective self-management through the application of the self-management scale.
. 2.The effectiveness of the training program for the development of individual self-management and the association for the benefit of the experimental group that has been subjected to the training extension program, and can know this result by verifying the following hypotheses:
. A. There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group in the pre-test and their mean scores in the post-test on the self-management scale in favor of the post-test.
The results indicate that there are statistically significant differences between the experimental group scores in the pre-test and their scores in the post-test on the individual self-management scale and the association after applying the training extension program
. B. There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group and the average scores of the students of the control group on the measure of self-management of the individual and the association in the post-test after applying the training program and for the benefit of the experimental group.
The results indicate that there are statistically significant differences between the average scores of the experimental group and the average scores of the students in the control group on the self-management scale in the post-test after applying the training program and for the experimental group.
In light of the results of the research, the researcher came out with some conclusions, recommendations and suggestions related to the research variables..
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
54
106
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113273_68885197f1b30026a0f039fc1327e0f8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113273
Effect Of Lobby Groups And Interests In The US Foreign Policy
Instructor Doctor
Saleem
Qata'a Ali
المـدرس الدکتـور- رئيس قسم دراسات الازمات- مرکز الدراسات الاستراتيجية والدولية ـــ جامعـة بغـداد
author
text
article
2020
ara
Lobby groups and interests are among the most important informal institutions that play an influential role in the political decision-making process of the state regardless of the nature of the prevailing political systems , according to being reflect specific demands and interests on a high degree of specialization, and thus deliberately in the context of its relationship to public policy to contribute to the manufacturing process.
And highlights the influential role of lobby groups and interests in the process of foreign policy-making in the United States of America by influencing the executive and legislative branches. These groups seek to influence the external decision-making process to push towards adopting certain policies that are in line with their interests, as well as to abandon some external policies or attitudes that may adversely affect the interests of these groups.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
107
120
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113274_7b34f3e6fbdf100c50bce7b7120c3db1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113274
Artistic and aesthetic phenomena in the (Al-Bairaq) collection of Bassam Al-Muslim
Hanan
Ghazi Al-Mutairi
وزارة التربية- دولة الکويت
author
text
article
2020
ara
The current study provides a critical reading of "Al-Bairaq" stories collection of the Kuwaiti storyteller Bassam Al-Musallam. This is done through the examination of the artistic and aesthetic phenomena included in the stories of the afore-mentioned collection; Al-Bairaq is a collection through which the storyteller's intellectual maturity has evolved, and so did his artistic tools. The author has made a name for himself in the field of the Kuwaiti short story. This study aims at displaying the social and historical issues that occurred in Kuwait by describing the stage where most of the events of the stories occurred, and to highlight the image of men and marginalization of women as it turns out that they both suffered from marginalization. The study shall also highlight the narrator's use of the fantastic narration to depict the psychological state of his protagonists in addition to the use of the 1st person narrative as the narrative tool used for this collection.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
121
134
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113281_1f1204a72a1f55fd9030c1bae21be58c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113281
Brainstorming strategy and its applicability to the art education plan for the middle stage
Salsal
qasim Abbas
تدريسية / متوسطة الشهيد نجم عبد الله السوداني
author
text
article
2020
ara
The strategy of brainstorming and the possibility of its application in the plan of art education for the intermediate stage that the importance of research stems from the importance of the plan of art education education itself, in making art education lessons more interesting and a reference to the learner because it is the focus of the educational process. Therefore, the research aims at the possibility of activating the strategy of brainstorming and linking it to the plan of art education. The researcher unified the limits of research for the intermediate stage of the day study - the first Rusafa for the academic mission 2018-2019. And defined the terms are: - (strategy, brainstorming, art education plan) For the previous studies, they formed an important basis for the researcher, including: -
1 - Study Salim 2011
2 - Study Kazim 2011
The researcher adopted the descriptive approach to achieve the goal of the research, and the research tool was a questionnaire which is the most common means to describe the collection of research information, and the paragraphs were divided into two areas: -
1. A field related to the teacher
2. A field related to the student
The use of specialized means, including: -
1. Pearson correlation coefficient to calculate stability
2 - Venture coefficient to calculate the sharpness.
The results related to the research objective showed that there are 16 paragraphs ranging from paragraphs (2 - 90, t) and arranged their paragraph according to their importance through the results obtained by the researcher. In light of the findings and conclusions the researcher recommends several things, including: -
1 - Continuation of the units of educational supervision and specialist and the responsible bodies of training teachers in the Ministry of Education and Alaktharman evolutionary courses that emphasize modern methods
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
135
148
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113282_ae8f1479ecc4b52f685dbb335fc0d1d0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113282
Scenery in Contemporary Arabic Poetry
Siddique Atia Siddique’s Trees of Sorrow as an Example
Soad
Abdulhalim Ahmed Ibrahim
أستاذ الأدب والنقد المساعد _الکلية الجامعية بالوجه _جامعة تبوک.
author
text
article
2020
ara
The Arabic poetry, through its long history, underwent a series of transformations. These included in the first place the commitment of poets to the stability of the rhythm and the molding of the form. That was followed by the development of poetry based on poetic feet which reflected the cultural and aesthetic transformations in the Arab reality. It was characterized by the repetition of a number of feet with considering the numbers of feet in each line.Then came the prose poem (written like prose, in paragraphs than verse) which was characterized by the decline of the rhythm and the aesthetic formbut preserving poetic qualities such as heightened imagery, parataxis and emotional effects.This kind of poetry may have led to the development of narrative poetry although it is always suggested that narrative poetry was born with the Arabic poem since its inception. It can be even claimed that the narrative has always been a basic component in poetry construction.
In the modern age, and after the development of other literary genres, such as the drama, novel, and other visual arts such as cinema, the interaction of the contemporary poem with these arts witnessed the emergence and development of new literary genres and made them tend to dramatization and the scenery construction as representation and manifestation of our contemporary life with its contradictions and conflicts. Contemporary poetry, thus, reflects the conflicting and confusing views and thoughts of the poets.
Scenery in the contemporary poetry is not merely an ornament, but is a fundamental transformation in its construction and functions according to the transformation of the age itself, where contemporary poetsare more knowledgeable, and their ideas and feelings more complicated and sophisticated. In this way, the conventional construction of the lyric poemsby single voices is no longer appropriate for conveying and communicating poets’ modern artistic messages.
This study is based on the investigation of the representation of scenery in Siddique Atia Siddique’s Trees of Sorrow. The study addresses the following conceptions: (1) the dramatic construction of the contemporary poem, (2) narration and scenery in poetry, (3) narration and its new gaps, (4) and the use of poetry sound effects. Finally, a summary of the most important results and findings, followed by a list of sources and references are provided.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
149
169
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113284_17bceeeb09b83f02064b4403c7ecf369.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113284
The topography of Muhammad Al-Thebaiti, "A Semiotic Study"
Entsar
Abdul Aziz Munir
أستاذ مساعد بکلية اللغة العربية بجامعة أم القرى
author
text
article
2020
ara
"Muhammad Al-Thebaiti" represents an unimaginable threshold in the course of the development of Saudi poetry, especially Arabic poetry, as it kept pace with developments in Arabic poetry, such as the revival of poetry and discourse of modernity - which began in the fifties of the last century - and its artistic vision crystallized in the structure of the poem of the eighties; As the stream of experimentation escalated, overcoming the obstacles of critical voices calling for adherence to established concepts, and an attempt to discourage modernist concepts such as the activative form of the poem, the collision between the two schools was reflected in the poem of Al-Thabiti, and it was affected by creativity due to the ongoing intellectual, social and cultural pilgrims. T driven by the obsession of rebellion on the constants as much as achieving his self-model to create his philosophy in life, and his vision towards things, I will address the office of "terrain" of Muhammad Al-Thebait a semiotic study, I am trying to reveal the levels of surface and deep poetic text, by applying the conditions of semiotic analysis, such as showing the importance of the semiotic sign And its role in exploring the meaning, as well as the role of thresholds of the Court, and analyzing the levels of its linguistic and semantic poems and the silence in the texts.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
170
194
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113285_ab73a4ebfc9c055eaa8bfb4c4bcf156e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113285
Cognitive speed and its relationship to the executive attention and cognitive perception among middle school students
In private schools
Azahar
Mohammed Majeed Al-Sabab
جامعة بغداد/کلية الآداب/علم النفس
author
text
article
2020
ara
Our world today is characterized by a fast-changing technology and a doubling of human knowledge over the course of a few years, which forces the student to prove his worth amidst these waves of changing technology and double the knowledge and steadfastness in front of them, but attention to them to overcome them and awareness of situations to face problems that require more internal mental processes and resolve quickly Cognitive with preparation for further decision-making.
The current research aims at knowing: -
1- The speed of knowledge, operational attention and constructive awareness among middle school students in private schools
2 - Identification of differences of statistical significance in the speed of knowledge and operational attention and cognitive perception depending on the gender variable (male_anath)
3 - To know the extent of the contribution of the executive attention and the overall structural awareness of the cognitive speed of middle school students in the civil school. The sample consisted of (400) students randomly selected. A cognitive speed test was constructed from (28) The correct one of the five alternatives, as well as the test of the executive attention of (20) paragraph, the tested one must be tested one of the four correct alternatives, and the researcher adopted the Abdullah test (2014) for the four-paragraph constructive understanding gives explanations, Students have fast knowledge and attention Executive in favor of females and realize syntactical in favor of males, and the results showed that executive attention and cognitive constructivist contribute to increasing cognitive speed and there is no differences between males and females to do so.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
195
222
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113286_ac0a6f4e799e50ccdb039eabb69b2cbf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113286
sound between classic Arabic and other accents
Magdi
Ibrahim
قسم اللغة العربية
author
text
article
2020
ara
This research is about the /g/ sound between classic Arabic and other accents. The importance of this matter is that the /g/ is a compound sound which changed from a simple sound into a double sound that starts with /d/ from "ghar" and ends with voiced /sh/, so it had many pronunciation ways.
Language dictionaries emphasize that if a language is spoken in many parts of the world and a lot of people used it, it will be impossible for this language to keep its earliest unity for a long time and it will change into many accents and each accent will have a different way of development which leads to a lot of differences between these accents until each accent became a different one that can't be understood except for its people. Thus a new language will come from the main language but they will agree in other ways because the earliest root leaves an effect which shows the linguistic relations between them.
In this research I have used Descriptive Method which I used when I talked about the /g/ articulations and characters and how it is pronounced. In addition, I followed a historical method when I talked about the /g/ historical and modular developments.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
223
249
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113287_2c00b0f9e2e33369ea6bbfb7319da4d2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113287
Nomophobia(Smart Phones phobia) has a sample of parents, and its relationship to Psychological Security among their children in the age stage (9-12) years old
Huda
Gamal
مدرس علم النفس بکلية الدراسات العليا للطفولة جامعة عين شمس
author
text
article
2020
ara
The current study aimed to find out the relation between the Nomophobia has a sample of parents and Psychological Security among their children in the age stage (9-12) years old, it also amid to find out the differences between parents in the Nomophobia , and finding out the differences between males and female children in Psychological Security, it also amid to find out how the Nomophobia with parents contributes in predicting low level Psychological Security for their children, the sample of study consisted of (240) from the parents ,the number of fathers is (120),and the number of mothers is (120),their ages ranged (30-46)years old ,and average age is(38,36),and standard deviation is (2,98),and number of children is (155) ,the number of males is (71), the number of females is (84), their ages ranged (9-12) years old ,and average age is(10,89),and standard deviation is (1,03),A scale was used nomophopbia prepared by researcher ,and A scale was used Psychological Security prepared by researcher, and A scale was used An economic and social level scale prepared by (Abd Alazez alshakhas,2013),the results of the study proved that there was negative statistical relation between nomophobia has a sample of parents and Psychological Security among their children and Psychological Security, there are statistically significant differences between fathers and mothers in the direction of fathers ,and there are no differences between male and female from children on the Psychological Security variable, the Nomophobia with parents contributes in predicting low level Psychological Security for their children.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
250
280
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113288_53cd2cf1f943283bab8bf2ec6d894a9b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113288
Political power and foreign trade of Kuwait under the British protectorate
(1899-1961 )Historical study
Nawal
Khalaf
جامعة القاهرة- کلية الآداب- قسم التاريخ
author
text
article
2020
ara
The study was titled "Political Power and Kuwait's Foreign Trade Under the British Protection (1899-1961 AD)". It dealt with political stability in Kuwait, which paved the way for the political authority to activate Kuwait's foreign trade. After Sheikh Mubarak signed the protection treaty with Britain in the year (1899 AD), he realized that trade is important for Kuwait and Kuwaiti citizens, and he sought by all means to create the appropriate environment for the renaissance of the economy, so he was interested in establishing commercial agencies abroad, to help Kuwaiti merchants and the Kuwaiti community in "India, Yemen and East Africa". This helped revitalize trade and its prosperity in his era, it also dealt with the role played by the Kuwaiti Commercial Port in facilitating trade activities since the establishment of the emirate in general, as it is the backbone of the movement of goods that come to it or cross through it to various countries of the world, and the interest in organizing Kuwaiti customs, which has been closely linked to the establishment and development of ports. That is through the procedures that have been taken to determine the percentage of customs duties in a way that balances the emirate between achieving customs revenues and encouraging trade, in a way that transforms Kuwait into a major commercial center in the region. As well as dealing with the role played by the markets and their regulation in the disposal of products and goods of various types and sources, both in land and in the sea. This made Kuwait a center for the caravan and transit trade at that time. Moreover, the study had attracted the rulers interests in diversifying sources of income by encouraging pearl diving, which resulted in that Kuwait sends its goods to Alshaam and Hijaz, and even to Astana. Another interest is making ships, especially large ones, so that the Kuwaiti merchant can reach its trade to ocean ports and using them aswell for diversified fishing methods. Finally, the study dealt with how Kuwait turned into a commercial center in the northern Gulf after it was established, by building a large commercial fleet of sailing ships to transport goods from Kuwait to Basra and the coasts of the Arabian Gulf and the ports of India, Ceylon, East Africa and Iran, where it became a center for companies crossing continents and seas.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
281
308
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113290_c6e16ef01cfcb28b6d5be564cc916dcf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113290
Differentiate the definition between exchange and drainage
Batoul
Abbas
أستاذ مساعد بکلية الآداب / جامعة بغداد
author
text
article
2020
ara
Most of the drawbacks that were taken on the science of exchange
came as a result of the lack of distinction between the terms mentioned in this science by those interested in it.
The first problem, in my view, is the naming of the science itself, and it has two names: exchange once, and conjugation another, without distinguishing between them, despite the efforts of some researchers to differentiate between them, and to reach a clear and accurate understanding of this issue.
This research is a serious attempt to understand the reasons behind this confusion, and to reach an accurate definition of each of these two terms, and to prove that exchange is not discharges, indicating their respective boundaries precisely with scientific evidence and accurate historical follow-up, and by analyzing the texts related to them.
The research should be divided into three main points:
First: The reasons for this confusion. Second, the two terms follow a history and a subject. Third: Establishing an inclusive blocking definition for each.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
309
327
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_113615_8c075a422e13c5de78c53249e909d7f7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.113615
The ability to make decisions among the heads of departments in Iraqi universities and their relationship to some variables
Hanan
Shihab Obaid Jabouri Al-Saadi
دکتوراه في علم النفس-جامعة بغداد - کلية الاداب
author
text
article
2020
ara
The ability to make a decision is a mental and cognitive process to choose one of the alternatives presented so that the individual can find successful solutions to the problems and pressures facing the individual in different life situations.
The current search has targeted:
1- Measuring the decision-making capacity of the heads of departments in Iraqi universities.
2- Comparison in the ability to make a decision according to the variable of specialization.
3 - Comparison in the ability to make a decision according to variable years of experience.
To achieve the objectives of this research, the researcher built a test of decision-making ability, after extracting its validity and consistency of the test positions, and then applied this scientific tool on a sample consisted of (100) head of the department selected from four universities in the Iraqi state by random method of proportional choice in Baghdad governorate (Baghdad - Mustansiriya - Technology - Iraqi University) distributed equally according to the variables of specialization and years of experience.
After analyzing the data and statistically the research has reached the following results:
1- The heads of departments have the capacity to make decisions.
2- that the heads of sections of the human branches do not differ from the sample heads of departments of the scientific branches in the ability to make a decision.
3- The sample of heads of departments who have years of experience of 15 years and more does not differ from their peers whose years of experience of less than 15 years.
In the light of the results of this research, the researcher came up with a number of recommendations and suggestions.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
328
344
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_114641_28c0dee6581ede1f876f3cc56be90bed.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.114641
EFFECTIVENESS OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL PROGRAM FOR REDUCING SYMPTOMS OF ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER FOR A SAMPLE OF PUPILS FROM PRIMAY SCHOOL
Khlood
Suliman AL Somali
ماجستير في علم النفس تخصص دقيق صحة نفسية
author
text
article
2020
ara
To investigating the effectiveness of a proposed cognitive behavioral program in reducing symptoms of Attention –Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) for primary school pupils who suffering from this disorder and discovering the effect of the decrease of the Attention –Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
The Sample of the study:
The sample of this study was performed on consisting of (10) of primary school pupils who suffering from ADHD and they were divided into two groups – a experimental group consisting of (5) pupils and a control group consisting of (5) pupils.
The study tools:
The study tools are cognitive behavioral program for reducing symptoms of Attention –Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) prepared by the researcher،Attention deficit Hyperactivity for children scale:( syed,1999), Socioeconomic level scale:( AlShaks,2006) and Drawing Test(Harris,2004)
The study results:
results of study are differences with statistical significance between the average of the rates of the experimental group in the prior measurement and the average of the rates of the same group in the subsequent measurement regarding Attention –Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD), There are differences with statistical significance between the average of the rates of the experimental group and the average of the control group in the subsequent measurement regarding Attention –Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD).
The study recommendation:
In light of finding of the study the research presented several recommendation:
Offering classroom for ADHD student in all primary schools The Importance of providing diagnostic and treatment services for all primary school pupils to face and early intervention for childhood problems and disorder.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
345
357
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_114642_3b8ad43a03851f47feccae7436bb42f7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.114642
The fundamentalists denied the difference
And its applications in the marriage contract and its effects
Amer
Yassin Idan
مدرس في کلية العلوم الإسلامية- جامعة بغداد
author
text
article
2020
ara
The denial of difference is one of the fundamentalist principles that have a great impact on Islamic jurisprudence. I have seen the focus of its application on the issues of marriage contract and effects without other issues of jurisprudence, to take the study of a new character makes the reader feel the importance of the idea of negating the difference in one section of the doctrine of jurisprudence.
The research included two topics, the first of which dealt with the negation of the difference and its argument with the fundamentalists, while the second topic focused on the applications of denying the difference in the marriage contract and its effects. The application comes to complement the rooting that began research, and confirmed to consider the denial of difference and work by scholars and fundamentalists.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
358
380
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_114643_e0186d9b8b8cf349e5ad24294c07d1ee.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.114643
The Constructive Archetachtary in the Contamprery Television Discourse
Barak
Anas
جامعة بغداد / کلية الفنون الجميلة / قسم الفنون السينمائية و التلفزيونية بغداد
author
Mohamed
Thaer
جامعة بغداد / کلية الفنون الجميلة / قسم الفنون السينمائية و التلفزيونية بغداد
author
text
article
2020
ara
TV drama in our time is the best means of communicating ideas and achieve the artistic visions of dramatic ideas or manifestations of manufacturers, but they basically grow and develop according to the requirements of the times by relying on architecture as a basis in the construction of artistic production from the moment of the idea and even techniques The implementation of advanced digital architecture to emerge the architecture of the picture to light, so was focused on in order to access to its components and understand and then evaluate its performance and the reasons for its formation, the study came to look for the architecture in the contemporary television discourse, the first chapter, which included all of The problem, the importance of research, objectives, and limits, and then took the second chapter through his three discussions towards the production of indicators of the theoretical framework after the introduction of the first topic of the concept of the concept of visual architecture in the television medium, and then the second section that examines the aesthetic of visual architecture in television speech, then came The third chapter included the research procedures in terms of methodology, research tool, the sample that was the television series (Battlestar Galactica), and the process of analyzing the sample according to the theoretical framework indicators presented to the expert committees, than came Proposals and recommendations followed by a list of sources.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
381
401
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_114644_561985665f116f2aed0a6bb837ed46d9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.114644
Formal transformations in the body of the Arabic poem
(Saadi Youssef as a model)
Ahmed
Abid Hussein Al-Fartoosy
الاستاذ المساعد جامعة بغداد - کلية التربية إبن رُشد للعلوم الإنسانية
author
text
article
2020
ara
The values of the transformations that Arab poetry witnesses are enough to direct the researchers ’attention towards the outcomes of those transformations, because they managed to show their image in the creative product through which creative poets managed to renew their visions in a way that ensures the permanence of development in the Arab poem. The experience of the poet Saadi Youssef except is a clear picture of the critical vision that dictates the values of formal and substantive transformations that accompanied the march of development in the body of the Arabic poem.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
402
410
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_114645_cb659ee03afab97c7518ff7c04590fc8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.114645
Self-monologue When Poets of the First Abbasid Era
enas
Abdul Rahman Zayed
جامعة بغداد – کلية العلوم الاسلامية – قسم اللغة العربية
author
text
article
2020
ara
In this study we talk about what is an individual monologue with internal dialogue among the poets of the first Abbasid period, explaining their internal components, analyzing their own psyche, revealing the ingenuity of this generation with a methodology excelled by poets of their predecessors in ancient times. This study includes after the summary to an introduction and two papers and a conclusion, came in the introduction to talk about the poetic text and its relationship to monologue, and the first section talked about monologue with a comprehensive view of it and its origin and characteristics and types and the like, while the second section is divided into two sections the first in our talk about the Abbasid era The first and its developments and the second section included individual poetic citations to the poets of the first Abbasid era, and then concluded with a conclusion I explained the most important findings I reached with a fixation of the list of margins and then sources and references.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
411
424
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_114646_5a71b7cc0234d185f71a5ac90e63b542.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.114646
The creative composition of the Sufi text Abu Bakr al-Shibli is a choice
Nisreen
Star Jabbar
جامعة بغداد/ کلية التربية للعلوم الإنسانية – ابن رشد
author
text
article
2020
ara
The Sufi text was characterized as being a text in which the creative elements of literary texts are evident. It is a text full of aesthetic and technical characteristics, be it on the content level or the creative recruitment of the language.
And because the mystical experience is a deep individual subjective experience, it represented an intuitive scouting glowing trend of the essence and beauty of life. The language of the Sufi text was characterized by a suggestive dimension based on revelation, and it called the Sufis the symbolic structures that do not reveal as much as they obscure nor illuminate as much as they simplify more shadows and do not declare as much as nodding and waving behind a veil. Which made mystical texts mysterious and closed on the one hand and open to interpretation on the other hand. The compositions came chunky to the fundamentals of formulation and construction as well as aesthetic and creative formation immersed in subjectivity and directed towards the absolute and away from the immediate utterance.
And the poet Zahid Abu Bakr Jaafar bin Yunus Al-Shibli, a Sufi poet in the Abbasid era whose poetry was printed in the nature of tenderness and sweetness, went with his texts towards depicting the spiritual grandfather and his longing for the closeness of the one beloved and the eagerness mixed with the distant distance and the lack of connection to transcend sensual meanings to spiritual meanings and go beyond the direct craft to the broad interpretation . The research dealt with the areas of creativity in the Sufi text, explaining its most salient features, aesthetic functions and its ultimate ability to perform meaning, especially Sufi meanings with open, unrestricted connotation based on spiritual meanings that inspire the depth of the emotional experience.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
425
442
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_114647_87e5d49538991df72a457a61be287022.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.114647
Emotional memory and its relationship to the performance of the Iraqi theater actor
Sameer
Agha Haidar
وزارة التربية/ معهد الفنون الجميلة المسائي للبنات/ العراق
author
text
article
2020
ara
The research means studying the emotional memory and the extent of its relationship to the performance of the theater actor through four chapters. The first included the methodological framework for the research through the research problem, the importance, its goal, its limitations, the definition of terms. As for the second chapter, it came on two topics that dealt with the first emotional memory and its characteristics, while the second included Engaged memory functions in the performance of the actor, and the criteria (indicators) of the theoretical framework of the research were fixed. In the third chapter (research procedures), the research community was determined, its sample, research method, research tool, and analysis of the play of oil slick play, then the results, conclusions and recommendations followed, And a list of sea sources And his review in the fourth chapter, and among the most prominent results that the researcher reached 2- The actor's skill was an important factor as the scenes with high emotion that mixed with his emotional memory were burning especially in the scene of the sister’s rape. The feeling and emotion were present through the performance of the actor who also used the emotional memory associated with the memory Special assembly in the scene of the Spyker massacre. Emotional memory has been presented with a variety of performance, in form and content, which is closely related to the supposed hero memory, especially in mother and father scenes.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
443
458
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_115479_03a25cf85b942273021a3543056e6f57.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.115479
The reality of pluralism in Islamic political thought
Anas
Kamal Hussein Atibish
الاردن -عمان
author
text
article
2020
ara
The existence of Islamic parties is a fact and a reality. It acquires its legitimacy from the spirit of Islam, which expands its position and absorbs differences in branches. These parties do not need the permission or authorization of the rulers. These Islamic parties remain in the Islamic state according to God's command and legislation. The existence of political parties on the basis of Islam of secular or socialist ideas ... and other things contrary to the Islamic faith.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
459
481
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_115481_b935b8da3265fecefb64081d3013431f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.115481
Allocation by acknowledgment A fundamentalist applied study
Mashhour
bin Hatim bin Hamid Al-Harthy
author
text
article
2020
ara
In the name of Allah, the most kind and the most merciful. I send peace and blessings to Prophet Muhammad, his family, and companions, till the Day of Judgment.
This research is about specification through endorsement, and it is a fundamentalist practical study. The research contains two sections. The first section is a fundamentalist study in specification through endorsement, and it contains four parts: the linguistic and jurisprudential definition of the general, the linguistic and jurisprudential definition of the specification, the linguistic and jurisprudential definition of endorsement, and the ruling of specification through endorsement. The second section is about practical examples of specification through endorsement, and it contains five parts: nullifying ablution through sitting-up sleep, the on-period women walking through the mosque, the re-making of the sunah prayer of Fajir, the acceptance of the individual praying faridah behind an individual praying sunnah, the re-making of the prayer for an individual praying alone behind a row.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
482
505
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_115482_b68713e0b1be392572e91138c46f49e2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.115482
Every Man Play Between The Quranic Expression And Celestial Teachings
Lamia
Hussein Ali
جامعة بغداد - کلية العلوم الإسلامية - قسم اللغة العربية
author
text
article
2020
ara
This study focused on (play Everyman Between the Qur’anic expression and heavenly teachings) on adhering to divine commands and not wasting time in disobedience, so it was a play Everyman a model for the moral and religious plays of the time.
The play represented the bright side in the human being, which is common sense, love for virtues and good deeds, which represent the other life in the human soul. Pilgrim journey the holy journey or the journey of reconciliation, as it is called in the Christian religion, because it is a path that passes through the stage of confession and elimination of guilt, and the second level is the true level (the level of life and death). The play also highlighted the strength and dominance of the artists of photography and imagination between their positions when it detected the strengths of the play through human questioning of moral qualities, such as friendship, sins, good deeds ... etc., and how these characteristics were embodied when they uttered, moved, set off and left with(Everyman) .To complete her life with him on his long journey, accompany his events, and reinforced deep artistic images that are static, moving, silent and speaking. She practiced the act in the artistic role, and proved the reaction in the recipient and the viewer, as well as the play contains some images that give reassurance and contemplation of the recipient's Quranic thought with the power of perception and holiness in the teachings of the Holy Bible.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
506
520
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_115489_aed1a467ba5e929cc89c2aed9fcf0bb1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.115489
Irish Mythology and Modern Ecology: A Bio-Ecosophic Reading
Of Selected Oak Poems by Ted Hughes
Sylvia
Fam
Associate Professor,Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2020
ara
Ted Hughes (1930-1998) had great admiration for Irish mythology. One of his main sources on Irish folklore and mythology is Robert Graves’s book, The White Goddess. In this book, Graves refers to the central place that the oak tree occupies in various mythologies and in particular the ancient Irish Tree Alphabet and Tree Calendar. Despite Hughes’s acknowledgement of his fascination with Irish folklore and culture, very little has been written on the subject. Another element in Hughes that has lately gained great critical acclaim is his contribution to environmental and ecological issues. He has been called an “eco-warrior” and an “eco-worrier.” Affinities of his works with Arne Naess’s deep ecology and James Lovelock’s Gaia hypothesis have been pointed out. His poetry has also proved to be relevant to recent natural sciences such as biocommunication and biosemiotics, inspiring interdisciplinary studies in environmental sciences and humanities. This paper attempts to demonstrate how Hughes managed to blend old Irish mythology with modern ecology, through the study of the three oak poems: “My Own True Family” (1973), “Gaudete” (1977) and “Tales from Ovid” (1997).
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
521
541
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_172109_b382f006428c5a0d8839f046df07827e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.172109
Are We Already Posthuman?
A Study of Lucy Prebble's The Sugar Syndrome
Ayman
Ibrahim Elhalafawy
An Associate Professor of English Literature- Faculty of Arts Kafrelsheikh University
author
text
article
2020
ara
Since we are living in the age of modern technology in its various shapes, one feels it is important to discuss what is posthuman meant by being a posthuman. This study is going to apply some of the features on Lucy Prebble's The Sugar Syndrome (2003) to investigate the belief that we, as humans, are already posthuman now and we do not need to wait for the future to be posthuman. This study attempts to apply posthuman concepts to the selected play, drawing on the work of Cary Wolfe, Ihab Hassan, Katherine Hayles, Donna Haraway, Hans Moravec, and Thomas Carlson. The paper is going to identify the archetypal figure of digital culture – the posthuman subject – within a dramatic form. The recent study tends to explore the effect of the digital technology in the humanist paradigm as well as the dichotomy in the self that occurs as a result of the integration with intelligent machines.
The Sugar Syndrome is a posthuman play due to the characters' relationship with the internet. In fact, about half of the nine scenes in the first act of the play are online, whether partly or completely, shifting between the virtual and material world through the internet. The characters, in this play, are multidimensional as what they appear to be is different from their inner self, which their interaction with technology helps to disclose. The model of identity represented in The Sugar Syndrome, reveals the characters to be subjugated to factors that are heterogeneous and collective rather than singular and self-conscious, which are integrated with the intelligent machines. The main characters can be viewed as posthuman subjects as they represent a cyborgic unity between the digital code and unwanted desires of the flesh. In this sense, this play tends to assert the idea that we, as humans, are posthuman through our consolidation with the technology, machines, and the accelerating digital world, and we do not want to wait for the future to be nominated as posthumans.
Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Arts
1110-7227
48
v.
ینایر- مارس (ب)
no.
2020
542
552
https://aafu.journals.ekb.eg/article_198144_61c5ecc7acbb7a2fddaadd69361d681f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/aafu.2020.198144